A Child Trust Fund is a savings account for children born between 1 September 2002 and 2 January 2011. They’ve since been replaced by Junior ISAs, but those with existing Child Trust Fund accounts or vouchers can still keep their accounts and pay in.
Find out more about how a Child Trust Fund works and what you could do with the funds in your account if you have one.
What’s in this guide
- What is a Child Trust Fund and who has one?
- Finding a Child Trust Fund account
- How a Child Trust Fund works
- Types of Child Trust Fund
- Adding money to the account and family member payments to a Child Trust Fund
- What about Child Trust Funds and young people with disabilities?
- If you want to change the Child Trust Fund account that HMRC set up for you
- What is a Junior ISA and should I switch my Child Trust Fund into one?
- I’m 18 or over and have a Child Trust Fund. What should I do with the money in it?
What is a Child Trust Fund and who has one?
A Child Trust Fund (CTF) isa long-term tax-free saving account for children. They were designed to encourage children to become savers for their future adult life. You cannot apply for a new CTF because this government scheme is now closed but you can keep an existing CTF. CTF’s were available to all children born in the UK whose parents were awarded Child Benefit between 1 September 2002 and 2 January 2011.
All money earned on the CTF is tax-free, including capital gains, interest payments and any other money earned on the account. This means all the money in the fund belongs to the account holder and none of it will be lost in tax deductions.
The first CTFs matured in September 2020, when the oldest account holders turned 18. The last CTFs will mature in 2029.On maturity, CTFs can either be cashed in or transferred into an adult ISA.
If you’re 18 or over and have money in a Child Trust Fund, find out more about your options
Finding a Child Trust Fund account
Child Trust Funds can be lost to the young person they were set up for. This can be because HMRC set up the account with a starter payment amount on their behalf (if the parents didn’t open one), or because it has been forgotten and the parents have not updated their address.
However, lost accounts can easily be located. You can find out where a lost Child Trust Fund, even if you don’t know the provider.
If you already have a Government Gateway user ID and password, you could fill in the HMRC online form at GOV.UK (Opens in a new window)
HMRC will send you details of the Child Trust Fund provider by post within three weeks of receiving your request.
Alternatively, you can use the Share Foundation to help you find your Child Trust Fund account for free (Opens in a new window). You might find this useful if your provider has changed or if you grew up in care.
How a Child Trust Fund works
When CTF’s became available, HMRC sent the parents or guardians of qualifying children a starting payment voucher of £250 (or £500 if you were on a low income). This voucher could then be used to set up a Child Trust Fund account in the child’s name.
If you didn’t use the voucher within one year, HMRC would set up a Child Trust Fund account in your child’s name on your behalf.
Money in a Child Trust Fund account belongs to the child and is ‘locked in’ until they turn 18.
When a child or young person turns 16 years old, they can legally take over responsibility for their Child Trust Fund account and can make decisions about the fund (such as switching to another provider or transferring it to a Junior ISA). They can do this by contacting their Child Trust Fund provider.
When the account-holder turns 18 years old, they can access and withdraw the money in their Child Trust Fund account.
Types of Child Trust Fund
There were three types of account that could be opened with the voucher:
1. Cash Child Trust Fund
This is where you can make deposits just as you would for a bank or building society account, which can earn tax-free interest.
2. Stakeholder Child Trust Fund
This is where the savings in the account are put into a wide mix of stock market investments. There are a set of rules to reduce financial risk (including that the money would gradually be moved to lower-risk investments when the child reaches 13 and a cap on the annual charge).
Stakeholder Child Trust Funds are charged based on the value of the fund and capped at a maximum charge of 1.5% a year.
A child will have a stakeholder Child Trust Fund account, opened by HMRC on the child’s behalf, if their parent(s) failed to open a Child Trust Fund account within a year of receiving a payment voucher.
This is where most or all the money is invested in shares, but without the protections of a stakeholder account. The savings in the account could be put into the stock market via an investment fund of your choice or select your own investments.
Adding money to the account and family member payments to a Child Trust Fund
Anyone can pay money in to a CTF including parents, family members and friends. This is up to a total limit of £9,000 (2023/24) each year, with the child’s birthday considered the start of the year.
The amount of money in a child’s Child Trust Fund doesn’t affect any benefits or tax credits the child’s parent/guardian receives.
Child Trust Funds for Children in Care
Some children looked after by local authorities have a Child Trust Fund account set up on their behalf.
If a child has been in the care of a local authority and was born between 1 September 2002 and 2 January 2011, they could have a Child Trust Fund account.
If you want to find your Child Trust Fund, your first option is to fill in the HMRC form on the GOV.UK website
Or you can get help on the Share Foundation website
The Share Foundation acts as the registered contact for Child Trust Fund accounts for children and young people who are care-experienced and manages them for the child or young person. The Share Foundation run both the Child Trust Fund and the Junior ISA schemes for children and young people in care.
The Share Foundation will write to the account holder about two months before they turn 16, telling them how to become the registered contact for their Child Trust Fund account.
What about Child Trust Funds and young people with disabilities?
Some young people with a disability might not have the mental capacity to manage the money in their Child Trust Fund.
If your child doesn’t have mental capacity, then you as their parent(s)/carer(s) will need to apply to the Court of Protection to act as your child’s Deputy.
A Deputy is someone, usually a family member, who is appointed by the court to manage and make day-to-day decisions about someone’s finances. Without this, you won’t be able to manage the account when your child turns 18. This is because they legally become an adult and the money belongs to them.
At the moment, applying to the Court of Protection can be expensive. This is because there’s a court fee of £371 – and legal costs, if a solicitor is used. There might also be delays to the process due to the coronavirus pandemic.
It’s important to get legal advice if you want to apply to the Court of Protection so you understand all of the options. Solicitors might provide you with a free initial discussion.
However, the government announced on 1 December 2020 that all parents or guardians of children or young people who lack mental capacity can ask for court fees to be waived or refunded when seeking access to a Child Trust Fund.
For full details and qualifying criteria, go to GOV.UK (Opens in a new window) Opens in a new window)
If you want to change the Child Trust Fund account that HMRC set up for you
If HMRC set up a Child Trust Fund account for your child, you can change to a Child Trust Fund provider or account of your choice. You can do this at any time.
Make sure you ask providers about any fees charged for running the account. Also ask about making further contributions. You can pay as little as £10 into a stakeholder account, but some providers might require larger payments for other accounts.
If you’re looking to change your Child Trust Fund provider, also be wary of scams, which are designed to get hold of your money and can come in many forms.
What is a Junior ISA and should I switch my Child Trust Fund into one?
An alternative to switching Child Trust Fund providers is to switch your Child Trust Fund into a Junior ISA.
If you have a Child Trust Fund you can’t have a Junior ISA at the same time. But you can transfer your Child Trust Fund into a Junior ISA. If the money isn’t transferred to another ISA, the tax benefit will be lost.
You don’t have to transfer a Child Trust Fund into a Junior ISA. However, a Junior ISA can work out better for your child’s savings in the long term.
Junior ISAs generally offer more choice and better value, whether it’s higher interest rates on their cash accounts or lower annual fund management charges.
You can’t transfer back to a Child Trust Fund when you’ve switched to a Junior ISA. So it’s important to check that you’re getting the best possible deal in terms of investment returns and fees.
I’m 18 or over and have a Child Trust Fund. What should I do with the money in it?
If you’re 18 years old or over, you can access the money in your Child Trust Fund account.
To access the money you will need to contact your Child Trust Fund provider. If you don't know who that is, read the section above on 'Finding a Child Trust Fund account'.
It’s your money, and it’s up to you what you do with it.
One option to consider is to continue saving your money. This could be by, for example, transferring your money into an adult savings account or an adult ISA. As your savings build up, they’ll grow faster – so your money makes money.
You might want to save regularly and build up your fund for a deposit towards a property purchase or a rental deposit.
The money in your Child Trust Fund could also provide an excellent foundation for building a ‘rainy day fund’ to make sure you have money available for emergencies or sudden expenses.
Putting money away now means you’re covered for an expense you didn’t see coming, reducing your need to borrow. For example, if you were to suddenly lose your job, need a new phone or need emergency dental treatment – that’s when a rainy day fund would be handy.
What happens when my Child Trust Fund matures?
If you have a Child Trust Fund but do not inform your provider what you would like to do with the money in it when it matures, the money will be held in a 'protected account' until you contact your provider.
Interest earned on funds in a 'protected account' will remain tax-free, and any terms and conditions that applied to your Child Trust Fund before it matured will still apply.
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